ABSTRACT
Why do we need a
Network Security? Because in networked systems, the major security risks occur
while conducting business on the Net; The following are some of the security
risks occur: unauthorized access, Eavesdropping, Password sniffing,
spoofing-spoofing, Denial of Service, virus attack, System modification, Data
modification, Repudiation, E-mail bombing. One of the Methods to secure the
information is Cryptography. Controls to protect data transmitted over the
telecommunication lines, is mainly through appropriate Encryption techniques.
The subject Cryptography deals with the encryption and decryption procedures.
Encryption is the process of scrambling information so that it becomes unintelligible
and can be unscrambled (reversed) only by using keys. Encryption is the
achieved using a Symmetric Encryption or Asymmetric Encryption. In Symmetric
Encryption (Single-key Cryptography), a single key is used encrypt as well as
to decrypt. In Asymmetric Encryption (Public-key cryptography), two keys namely
public and private key are used for encryption and decryption. The paper
presentation is on the Network security-Quantum cryptography. Quantum
cryptography is a new method, which is efficient and fastest of all methods to
secure the information. In this Quantum cryptography, main concept is Quantum
theory of light, polarization, the foundation of Quantum cryptography lies in
the Heidelberg ’s
uncertainty principle which states that certain pairs of physical properties
are related in such a way that measuring one property prevents the observer
from simultaneously knowing the value of other. Quantum cryptography is an
effort to allow two users of a common communication channel to create a body of
shared and secret information.
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